American Journal of Neuroradiology, Vol 12, Issue 2 215-222, Copyright © 1991 by American Society of Neuroradiology
ARTICLES |
Dyke Award. The search for human telencephalic ventriculofugal arteries
MD Nelson Jr, I Gonzalez-Gomez and FH Gilles
Department of Radiology-81, University of Southern California School of Medicine, Los Angeles 90027.
Our study traced the vascular development of the fetal telencephalon in the last two trimesters of gestation and the first 15 years of life in 60 fetal and childhood brains. We filled the macro- and microvascular beds with Microfil and made stereoscopic observations of cleared 0.5- to 1.0-cm-thick sections. Separately, we identified developing vascular structures histologically. In our youngest specimen (16-weeks gestation), transcerebral channels with walls consisting of a single layer of endothelium and varying in diameter from 10 to 50 microns originated from leptomeningeal arteries and veins at right angles to the surface and passed through the cortical plate (future cortex). They branched at varying depths within the mantle and germinal matrix surrounding the lateral ventricles. At deeper levels the channels freely anastomosed with each other. A cortical microvascular network did not appear until 22 to 24 weeks. The new endothelial channels were derived from leptomeningeal vessels and from larger transcerebral channels. Most regions of isocortex developed a microvascular plexus simultaneously, regardless of degree of maturation. Striatal channels matured earlier than extrastriatal channels, having developed a muscularis to within 100 microns of the ganglionic eminence by 22- to 24-weeks gestation. Maturation of the vascular walls of extrastriatal channels into proper arteries and veins occurred during the first postnatal year. Anastomotic channels were present throughout the leptomeningeal, striatal, and extrastriatal regions in all of our specimens from 16 weeks gestation to 15 years old. Our study does not support the existence of ventriculofugal arteries and deep white matter arterial border zones in the human fetus and neonate, which have been postulated to be the basis of "periventricular" leukomalacia.
This article has been cited by other articles:
 |
|
 |
|
  B. Y. Huang and M. Castillo Hypoxic-Ischemic Brain Injury: Imaging Findings from Birth to Adulthood RadioGraphics, March 1, 2008; 28(2): 417 - 439. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. Yoshita, E. Fletcher, D. Harvey, M. Ortega, O. Martinez, D. M. Mungas, B. R. Reed, and C. S. DeCarli Extent and distribution of white matter hyperintensities in normal aging, MCI, and AD Neurology, December 26, 2006; 67(12): 2192 - 2198. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 C. DeCarli, E. Fletcher, V. Ramey, D. Harvey, and W. J. Jagust Anatomical Mapping of White Matter Hyperintensities (WMH): Exploring the Relationships Between Periventricular WMH, Deep WMH, and Total WMH Burden Stroke, January 1, 2005; 36(1): 50 - 55. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 A. J. Kumar, N. E. Leeds, G. N. Fuller, P. Van Tassel, M. H. Maor, R. E. Sawaya, and V. A. Levin Malignant Gliomas: MR Imaging Spectrum of Radiation Therapy- and Chemotherapy-induced Necrosis of the Brain after Treatment Radiology, November 1, 2000; 217(2): 377 - 384. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. Stapf, J. P. Mohr, R. R. Sciacca, A. Hartmann, B. D. Aagaard, J. Pile-Spellman, and H. Mast Incident Hemorrhage Risk of Brain Arteriovenous Malformations Located in the Arterial Borderzones Stroke, October 1, 2000; 31(10): 2365 - 2368. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 The Arteriovenous Malformation Study Group Arteriovenous Malformations of the Brain in Adults N. Engl. J. Med., June 10, 1999; 340(23): 1812 - 1818. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. L. M. Bakker, F.-E. de Leeuw, J. C. de Groot, A. Hofman, P. J. Koudstaal, and M. M. B. Breteler Cerebral vasomotor reactivity and cerebral white matter lesions in the elderly Neurology, February 1, 1999; 52(3): 578 - 578. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
L. Pantoni and J. H. Garcia Pathogenesis of Leukoaraiosis : A Review Stroke, March 1, 1997; 28(3): 652 - 659. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
W. D. Brown, F. H. Gilles, M. D. Nelson, J.R.C. Bowen, D. F. Schomer, and D.R. Enzmann Posterior Communicating Artery and Ischemic Stroke N. Engl. J. Med., October 13, 1994; 331(15): 1020 - 1021. [Full Text]
|
|